CAS 105-58-8  ·  UN 2366  ·  C₅H₁₀O₃  ·  MW 118.13 g/mol

Diethyl Carbonate (DEC) — U.S. Supplier

Industrial and battery-grade diethyl carbonate for the U.S. market. A low-toxicity symmetric linear carbonate used in the canonical EC/DMC/DEC Li-ion battery electrolyte, nitrocellulose lacquers, and pharmaceutical solvent applications. COA, SDS, and full traceability with every order.

DEC Ethyl carbonate Carbonic acid diethyl ester Diethyl ester of carbonic acid Ethoxyformic anhydride CAS 105-58-8
105-58-8
CAS Number
118.13
Mol. Weight (g/mol)
126–128°C
Boiling Point
25°C
Flash Point (UN 2366)
0.975 g/mL
Density @ 20°C
-43°C
Melting Point

Available Grades of Diethyl Carbonate

Industrial and battery purity tiers — each grade ships with a lot-specific certificate of analysis.

Grade 1
Industrial / Technical Grade
Nitrocellulose solvent · Coatings · Chemical intermediate
Assay (GC)≥99.5%
Moisture (KF)≤500 ppm
Acidity≤0.01%
Color (APHA)≤10
Ethanol≤0.1%
Non-volatile residue≤0.02%
Grade 2 — High Demand
Battery / Electronic Grade
Li-ion battery electrolytes · EC/DMC/DEC formulations
Assay (GC)≥99.99% (4N)
Moisture (KF)≤30 ppm
Acidity≤10 ppm
Total metals≤1 ppm each
Ethanol≤0.002%
Non-volatile residue≤5 ppm

Physical & Chemical Properties

Identification
Chemical NameDiethyl Carbonate
AbbreviationDEC
CAS Number105-58-8
Molecular FormulaC₅H₁₀O₃
Molecular Weight118.13 g/mol
EINECS Number203-311-1
UN NumberUN 2366
Transport ClassClass 3, Packing Group III
TSCA StatusListed on TSCA inventory
Physical Properties
AppearanceColorless clear liquid
Boiling Point126–128°C (259–262°F)
Melting Point-43°C (-45°F)
Flash Point25°C (77°F, closed cup)
Density @ 20°C0.975 g/mL (8.13 lb/gal)
Viscosity @ 25°C0.75 mPa·s
Refractive Index (n20/D)1.3845
Vapor Pressure @ 20°C~10 hPa
Water Solubility~2% (very limited)
OdorMild, pleasant ester

What Is Diethyl Carbonate Used For?

DEC's combination of low viscosity, moderate boiling point, low toxicity, and phosgene-free production makes it valuable across battery, industrial solvent, and pharmaceutical applications.

Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes — EC/DMC/DEC Canonical Formulation

Diethyl carbonate is a well-established co-solvent in lithium-ion battery electrolytes. The ternary EC/DMC/DEC (1:1:1 by volume) with 1 M LiPF₆ is one of the most widely referenced baseline electrolyte formulations in battery research and industrial practice — a reference system from which application-specific electrolyte compositions are often derived. DEC contributes low viscosity, a slightly higher boiling point than DMC (offering marginal thermal stability advantages), and a different solvation shell geometry that influences Li⁺ transport. DEC's electrochemical stability window is compatible with graphite anodes and standard cathode materials. Battery-grade DEC (≥99.99%, moisture ≤30 ppm, metals ≤1 ppm) is required for electrolyte applications to protect LiPF₆ stability and cell performance.

Nitrocellulose Solvent & Lacquer Formulations

Diethyl carbonate is an effective solvent for nitrocellulose (NC) in lacquer, coating, and adhesive systems. DEC offers lower toxicity than traditional NC solvents (acetone, MEK, butyl acetate), is not classified as a reproductive toxicant or carcinogen, and provides a controlled evaporation rate well-suited for brush and spray lacquer application. DEC-based NC lacquers produce smooth, clear films with good hardness and adhesion. As formulators seek safer alternatives to ketone and ester solvents under VOC and worker safety regulations, DEC has gained adoption as a partial or full replacement.

Pharmaceutical Solvent — ICH Q3C Residual Solvent

Diethyl carbonate is an acceptable pharmaceutical solvent for use in drug synthesis and formulation. It is not specifically listed in ICH Q3C (Guidelines for Residual Solvents) as a Class 1 or Class 2 controlled solvent, placing it in the Class 3 (low toxicity concern) category — meaning it can be used without strict per-day dose limits when appropriate for the API synthesis route. DEC's low toxicity, absence of CMR classifications, and relatively straightforward metabolic fate make it a practical choice for pharma process chemistry applications where more toxic solvents (DMF, NMP, DCM) are to be avoided.

Chemical Intermediate & Carboxymethylation

DEC is a reagent in organic synthesis — it serves as a source of ethyl and carbonate groups in transesterification, etherification, and carboxylation reactions. It reacts with phenols, amines, and alcohol-bearing substrates in mild conditions. DEC is produced industrially via phosgene-free routes (transesterification of propylene carbonate with ethanol, or oxidative carbonylation), which avoids hazardous chlorinated intermediates and aligns with green chemistry principles. In the chemical industry, DEC participates in the synthesis of urethanes, carbamates, and specialty esters.

Phosgene-free production: Modern DEC production does not require phosgene (COCl₂), one of the most acutely toxic industrial gases. DEC is manufactured via transesterification of ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate with ethanol, or through oxidative carbonylation of ethanol — routes that are safer, produce no chlorinated byproducts, and can be conducted with CO₂-derived carbonates, reducing the overall carbon footprint of production.

DEC Packaging Options

From R&D samples to bulk quantities. Contact us for pricing, MOQ, and lead times.

🧪
Sample / R&D
Evaluation quantities
🪣
5-Gallon Pail
~19 liters
🛢️
55-Gallon Drum
208 L steel drum
📦
IBC / Tote
275–330 gallon
🚛
Bulk Tanker
TL / LTL quantities

Documents Available for DEC

All documentation available on request via the quote form below.

📄
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
GHS-formatted · UN 2366 · Class 3 PG III
📋
Certificate of Analysis (COA)
Lot-specific · All QC parameters
📊
Technical Data Sheet (TDS)
Physical and chemical properties
TSCA Compliance
CAS 105-58-8 on TSCA inventory

Regulatory Status

TSCA ListedCAS 105-58-8 on TSCA inventory
GHS Class 3 CompliantUN 2366 · Flammable liquid PG III
Not a CMR CompoundNo carcinogen/mutagen/reprotoxic classification
Phosgene-Free ProductionNo chlorinated intermediates
U.S. Import CompliantFull chain-of-custody documentation

Frequently Asked Questions — Diethyl Carbonate

What is diethyl carbonate (DEC)?

Diethyl carbonate (CAS 105-58-8) is a colorless, mildly flammable symmetric linear carbonate with formula C₅H₁₀O₃ and MW 118.13 g/mol. Boiling point 126–128°C, flash point 25°C, density 0.975 g/mL. DEC is used in Li-ion battery electrolytes, as a nitrocellulose solvent in coatings, in pharmaceutical synthesis, and as a chemical intermediate. It is classified UN 2366, Class 3, PG III.

What is the EC/DMC/DEC 1:1:1 electrolyte formulation?

EC/DMC/DEC 1:1:1 with 1 M LiPF₆ is one of the most widely referenced baseline Li-ion battery electrolyte compositions. EC provides high dielectric constant and SEI formation; DMC provides low viscosity and high ionic mobility; DEC contributes slightly different solvation geometry and a higher boiling point. This ternary system is a common starting point for electrolyte development and optimization for specific cell chemistries.

Is DEC used as a nitrocellulose solvent?

Yes. DEC is an effective solvent for nitrocellulose in lacquers, coatings, and adhesives. It offers a controlled evaporation rate, lower toxicity than ketone and aromatic solvents, and no CMR classification. As a diethyl carbonate ester, it provides good NC solvation with smooth film formation — particularly useful in spray and brush lacquer systems where working time matters.

Is DEC produced without phosgene?

Yes. Modern industrial DEC production uses phosgene-free routes — principally transesterification of ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate with ethanol, or oxidative carbonylation of ethanol. These processes avoid the acutely toxic chlorinated gas and produce no chlorinated byproducts. CARMELSOLV™ sources DEC from manufacturers operating green-chemistry production processes.

What are the transport requirements for DEC?

DEC is classified UN 2366 (Diethyl carbonate), Hazard Class 3 (Flammable Liquid), Packing Group III. Flash point is 25°C (77°F). Shipments require compliant flammable-liquid packaging, appropriate placarding, and proper shipping documentation. CARMELSOLV™ ships throughout the continental United States.

What packaging is available for diethyl carbonate?

CARMELSOLV™ supplies DEC in sample/R&D quantities, 5-gallon pails, 55-gallon (208L) steel drums, 275–330 gallon IBC totes, and bulk tanker quantities. Contact us for current pricing and lead times for your required volume and grade.

Is diethyl carbonate TSCA listed?

Yes. CAS 105-58-8 is listed on the U.S. EPA TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory and is fully compliant for commercial import and distribution in the United States.

Request a Quote — Diethyl Carbonate

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